{"id":14869,"date":"2021-12-10T08:43:52","date_gmt":"2021-12-10T08:43:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solongevitypro.com\/?p=14869"},"modified":"2023-08-19T18:11:34","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T18:11:34","slug":"the-four-ages-of-metabolism-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/the-four-ages-of-metabolism-2\/","title":{"rendered":"The four ages of metabolism"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Metabolism changes<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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We get older<\/b>\u00a0and our\u00a0metabolism<\/b>\u00a0changes. But perhaps not as much as we have always thought. The results of a major international study, published in Science, seem to undermine what little we thought we knew about the relationship between\u00a0energy expenditure<\/b>,\u00a0age<\/b>\u00a0and\u00a0gender<\/b>. It is not true, for example, that women\u2019s metabolism is slower than men\u2019s, or that after the age of 20, energy expenditure changes so dramatically that it alone justifies weight gain. The research could have strong implications for\u00a0medical practice<\/b>, leading to a reassessment of the most\u00a0appropriate<\/b>\u00a0doses of drugs<\/b>, especially for children and the elderly.<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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It became clear that we didn\u2019t have the right idea of how body size and ageing affect metabolism.\u201d- Herman Pontzer, Duke University<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

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The study<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Metabolism research, explain the more than 80 scientists who authored the article, is very difficult and very expensive: until now, there was relatively little data and even the most reliable studies were often limited. To overcome this obstacle and try to unravel the\u00a0mystery<\/b>\u00a0surrounding the relationship between\u00a0metabolism, age and gender<\/b>,\u00a0Herman Pontzer<\/b>\u00a0of Duke University set up an international collaboration of scientists who shared data on nearly\u00a06,500 people<\/b>\u00a0aged between\u00a08 days and 95 years<\/b>, from 29 different countries.Using information on the energy expenditure, height, weight and percentage of fat and lean mass of the people involved, the researchers drew up a\u00a0picture of metabolism trends in relation to the passage of time<\/b>. At the end of the analysis, Pontzer commented, \u201cit became clear that we didn\u2019t have a good idea of how body size and ageing affect metabolism<\/em>\u201c.<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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The 4 stages of metabolism<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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What have the scientists discovered? It is true that the metabolism slows down with age, but not quite in the way we thought. In general, we can recognise\u00a0four metabolic phases<\/b>: from 0 to 1 year of age; from 1 year to 20 years; from 20 to 60 years; and from 60 years onwards.The first metabolic \u201cage\u201d, up to the\u00a0first year of life<\/b>, is characterised by a very high energy demand: in this phase the metabolism travels\u00a0twice as fast\u00a0<\/b>as that of an adult. In other words, infants consume 50% more calories than adults for the same activities.After the first year of life, however,\u00a0the metabolism begins to slow down<\/b>\u00a0a little at a time \u2013 by about 3% every year\u00a0until the age of 20<\/b>. At that point,\u00a0i.e. from age 20 to 60<\/b>, the metabolism\u00a0stabilises<\/b>, and then\u00a0gradually slows<\/b>\u00a0down by about 0.7% per year. Finally, from the age of 60 to 95, the metabolism drops by about 25%.<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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The research could have implications for medical practice, leading to a reassessment of the most appropriate drug doses, especially for children and the elderly<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n

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There are, of course, individual differences, but at population level the trend does not change, just as there are no differences in relation to gender<\/b>\u00a0or significant changes at\u00a0pregnancy<\/b>\u00a0and\u00a0menopause<\/b>, contrary to what might have been expected.<\/div>\n
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Stem cells. Cellular activity is highest during early childhood and gradually decreases over time, to the point of compromising the proper functioning of organs and tissues.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Metabolism and ageing<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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One possible explanation for how metabolism changes over time relates to how organs and systems change and\u00a0the energy demand<\/b>\u00a0for their functioning. Not only do\u00a0children<\/b>\u00a0have to support\u00a0growth and exercise<\/b>\u00a0more, but they also have\u00a0a larger brain<\/b>\u00a0than an adult in proportion to their body size and have\u00a0more muscles<\/b>\u00a0(lean mass), two of the most energy-consuming organs of all. In general, then,\u00a0after the age of 60<\/b>, it is\u00a0the activity of all cells that gradually declines<\/b>, which is responsible for the deterioration in organ function.<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A study published in Science identified four age-related phases of the metabolism: it is very fast in the first year of life, then slows down little by little until the age of 20, remains stable between 20 and 60, and only slows down again in later life.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":94,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[160],"class_list":["post-14869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","tag-active-ageing"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe four ages of metabolism - SoLongevity<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The 4 stages of metabolism: very fast in early life, it slows down until age 20, remains stable between 20-60, and slows down in older age.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/the-four-ages-of-metabolism-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The four ages of metabolism - 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