{"id":14883,"date":"2022-02-15T08:55:21","date_gmt":"2022-02-15T08:55:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solongevitypro.com\/?p=14883"},"modified":"2022-12-14T08:44:17","modified_gmt":"2022-12-14T08:44:17","slug":"amino-acid-supplements-what-they-are-and-how-they-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/amino-acid-supplements-what-they-are-and-how-they-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Amino acid supplements: what they are and how they work"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Understanding nutraceuticals<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Herbal substances, minerals, amino acids, hormones, vitamins\u2026 The category of\u00a0dietary supplements<\/strong>\u00a0is vast, and a wide variety of products can be found on the market.\u00a0How do you find your way around?<\/strong>\u00a0Through a series of\u00a0interviews<\/strong>\u00a0with experts in the field of nutraceuticals and medicine, we will try to understand how they differ, what they are used for, and, consequently, which ones might be best suited to each person\u2019s needs.In this article we will delve into the topic of amino acid dietary supplements, which are very popular among athletes, but also very useful for postmenopausal women or, in general, for older people.\u00a0Alessandro Orlandini<\/strong>, a medical doctor, pharmaceutical chemist and specialist in clinical biochemistry, now medical director of the Italian company\u00a0Professional Dietetics<\/a><\/strong>, explains what they are, what benefits they provide and how they work.<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Dr. Orlandini, what are amino acids and what are they used for?<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cAmino acids are crucial biological molecules. They are the\u00a0building blocks<\/strong>\u00a0with which cells construct the\u00a0proteins<\/strong>\u00a0that make up the body and make it function. There are\u00a020<\/strong>\u00a0amino acids that are important for human beings,\u00a09<\/strong>\u00a0of which are called\u00a0essential<\/strong>\u00a0because they are essential for life but which the body is unable to synthesize and therefore must be\u00a0taken in through food<\/strong>, that is, by eating animal and\/or plant proteins. Here is a false myth to dispel: it is true that no single vegetable alone contains all the essential amino acids, but we can still get them by combining different vegetables.<\/article>\n
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How much protein do we need every day to be healthy?<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cAn\u00a0adult<\/strong>\u00a0human being has a basic\u00a0daily protein requirement<\/strong>\u00a0of\u00a00.8 grams per kg of body weight<\/strong>. However, with time the requirement increases and in\u00a0older people<\/strong>\u00a0it reaches\u00a01.5 grams per kg of weight<\/strong>. This occurs because advanced age brings with it alterations in metabolism and intestinal absorption. These conditions can also occur in the presence of diseases or as a result of therapies, as in the case of\u00a0cancer patients<\/strong>\u00a0or those on\u00a0dialysis<\/strong>. Another issue is to be made for\u00a0athletes<\/strong>, who have to cope with increased protein requirements.\u201d<\/article>\n
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Proteins are polymers formed from organized amino acid sequences (primary structures)<\/p><\/div>\n

The daily protein requirement of an adult is 0.8 g\/kg body weight, but with age or in the presence of disease it increases<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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When or for whom is amino acid supplementation suitable?<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cAmino acids have two biological\u00a0advantages<\/strong>: they are both\u00a0antioxidants<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0nutrients<\/strong>. Aging processes begin around the age of 20, but I believe that supplements with amino acids may prove useful especially\u00a0after the age of 45-50<\/strong>, when metabolism begins to lean toward destruction reactions, that is catabolism, rather than building reactions, or anabolism.Even those who do sports<\/strong>, especially endurance sports, have a metabolism that leans toward catabolism, and in fact, when diet is not sufficient, they turn to amino acids.\u00a0Supplementation with amino acids has the effect of\u00a0improving the efficiency<\/strong>\u00a0of our cells and\u00a0reducing<\/strong>\u00a0the production of\u00a0oxidant \u2018waste\u2019<\/strong>. If the cell functions well and is efficient, it produces fewer free radicals. In older age, moreover, amino acid supplementation goes a long way toward making up for the typical\u00a0dietary deficiencies<\/strong>\u00a0of\u00a0older people<\/strong>, due to\u00a0less absorption<\/strong>\u00a0of nutrients by the gut and the natural tendency, as we age, to\u00a0eat less<\/strong>. People whose physique is debilitated due to disease or therapy can also benefit from amino acid supplementation. Just think of\u00a0cancer patients<\/strong>, who are often inappetent, have intestinal disorders or disgust, or\u00a0people with anorexia<\/strong>. Providing the body directly with amino acids, that is,\u00a0proteins that have already been \u2018disassembled,\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0is an efficient way of coping with any deficiency. In fact, the body\u00a0does not need to struggle<\/strong>\u00a0to break down proteins or dialyze those that have been consumed poorly. This gives an advantage, because less strain is placed on the\u00a0liver<\/strong>,\u00a0kidneys<\/strong>, and to some extent the\u00a0pancreas<\/strong>. Again, when following Even those who do sports, especially endurance sports, have a metabolism that leans toward catabolism, and in fact, when diet is not sufficient, they turn to amino acids.\u00a0Supplementation with amino acids has the effect of improving the efficiency of our cells and reducing the production of oxidant \u2018waste\u2019. If the cell functions well and is efficient, it produces fewer free radicals. In older age, moreover, amino acid supplementation goes a long way toward making up for the typical dietary deficiencies of older people, due to less absorption of nutrients by the gut and the natural tendency, as we age, to eat less. People whose physique is debilitated due to disease or therapy can also benefit from amino acid supplementation. Just think of cancer patients, who are often inappetent, have intestinal disorders or disgust, or people with anorexia. Providing the body directly with amino acids, that is, proteins that have already been \u2018disassembled,\u2019 is an efficient way of coping with any deficiency. In fact, the body does not need to struggle to break down proteins or dialyze those that have been consumed poorly. This gives an advantage, because less strain is placed on the liver, kidneys, and to some extent the pancreas. Again, when doing diets one should always ensure sufficient protein content.\u201d one should always ensure sufficient protein content.\u201d<\/article>\n
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Athletes often rely heavily on amino acids. Why? And is there a risk in excess intake?<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cIncreased demand for amino acids is seen especially among those in\u00a0endurance<\/strong>\u00a0sports (anticatabolic action). In those who do\u00a0weightlifting<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0speed sports<\/strong>, protein is needed to build muscle (anabolism). In any case,\u00a0there are no risks<\/strong>, because, if amino acids are used even in large quantities, no hepatic and\/or renal load is caused, which would be the case if recovery from catabolism or anabolism were carried out with proteins to be \u2018disassembled\u2019.\u201d<\/p>\n

Where do the amino acids used to make supplements come from?<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cThey are derived from\u00a0non-animal biological masses<\/strong>\u00a0from which they are hydrolyzed and purified: this is why they can be taken even by\u00a0vegans<\/strong>\u00a0and, of course,\u00a0they do not contain gluten<\/strong>. So they are not synthetic products, but they go through a process of extraction and purification. They are pure substances obtained in a standardizable and reproducible way. There are many on the market, and choosing the right ones means choosing nutrients for\u00a0nutritional purposes<\/strong>.\u201d<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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How important is the formula of an amino acid supplement in regard to effectiveness?<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cAlthough there are specific formulas according to purpose-for athletes or for\u00a0postmenopausal women<\/strong>, for example-a product containing the essential amino acids is good\u00a0for everyone<\/strong>, because the machinery for protein synthesis is more or less always the same. What changes is the anabolic demand. Some formulations, however, seem to work better than others, not so much because they differ in the type of amino acids but because they also contain so-called boosters, which are molecules that give a boost to the activity of the\u00a0mitochondria<\/strong>\u00a0(the power plants of cells) and the cells themselves. For example,\u00a0Amino-ther<\/strong>, the product we have developed at Professional Dietetics, contains\u00a0citric acid<\/strong>,\u00a0succinic<\/strong>\u00a0acid<\/strong>, or\u00a0malic<\/strong>\u00a0acid<\/strong>, which are intermediate molecules in the Krebs cycle, a series of biochemical reactions that take place within the mitochondria and lead to energy production in the form of ATP. Similar formulas appear to\u00a0further improve cellular activity<\/strong>, measured in terms of oxygen consumption, which increases by 60 percent. In general, 10 grams of amino acids is equivalent to about 20 grams of protein, in terms of efficiency for the mitochondrion.\u201d<\/p>\n

A product containing the essential amino acids is good for everyone. There are no risks because, even when used in large quantities, no hepatic and\/or renal load is caused<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Are human studies being conducted to verify the effects of amino acid supplementation?<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cCertainly, and on different categories of people. Clinical studies in the\u00a0elderly<\/strong>\u00a0have already shown how amino acid supplementation improves\u00a0cognitive<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0motor performance<\/strong>. In addition, clinical research has noted how amino acid supplementation in the elderly increases the\u00a0number<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0efficiency<\/strong>\u00a0of\u00a0mitochondria<\/strong>\u00a0in polymorphonuclear cells (macrophages). Other studies, still preliminary and in animal models, however, have observed an effect of amino acid supplementation on the\u00a0intestinal microbiota<\/strong>, which appears to rejuvenate: in elderly animals fed a diet supplemented with amino acids, the composition of intestinal bacterial species is more similar to that of younger animals.Research has also been conducted on amino acid supplementation in\u00a0obese people<\/strong>\u00a0undergoing a dietary regimen, as well as in\u00a0anorexic people<\/strong>,\u00a0head and neck cancer<\/strong>\u00a0patients,\u00a0dialysis<\/strong>\u00a0patients, and patients with\u00a0kidney disorders<\/strong>.There is, finally, a branch of research that is concerned with studying the effect of amino acid supplementation in patients with\u00a0Parkinson\u2019s<\/strong>\u00a0disease. The challenge for now is to determine the best dosage of supplementation, the one that allows benefit without increasing L-dopa administration.\u201d<\/article>\n
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Alessandro Orlandini<\/strong>\u00a0was born in Turin in 1947. He holds a degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology (Turin, 1971), a degree in Medicine and Surgery (Brescia, 1989) and a specialization in Clinical Biochemistry (Parma, 1976). Between the 1970s and 1990s he worked at Diasorin (formerly Sorin), Spedali Civili di Brescia, GSK Research Center (formerly Sclavo) and Technogenetics. Since then he has been Medical Director of companies in the field of Complementary Medicine and Nutrition, such as: Guna (1990-2000), Named (2000-2012), Professional Dietetics (2012 \u2013 present). He is the author of more than 20 publications indexed on Pubmed. In 1996 he was awarded the Reckeweg Prize, an international recognition for research in homeopathy, for a project carried out in collaboration with CNR Pavia.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What are amino acid supplements? What benefits do they have and how do they work? Who are they indicated for? Alessandro Orlandini, M.D., a pharmaceutical chemist and specialist in clinical biochemistry, now medical director of the Italian company Professional Dietetics, answers these questions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":323,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[158,71],"tags":[160,165,168],"class_list":["post-14883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","category-scientific-study","tag-active-ageing","tag-exercise","tag-nutraceutics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAmino acid supplements: what they are and how they work - SoLongevity<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/amino-acid-supplements-what-they-are-and-how-they-work\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Amino acid supplements: what they are and how they work - SoLongevity\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What are amino acid supplements? 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