{"id":18438,"date":"2022-03-25T11:14:54","date_gmt":"2022-03-25T11:14:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solongevitypro.com\/longevity-news\/covid-19-the-effects-of-infection-on-the-nervous-system\/"},"modified":"2022-12-14T08:44:16","modified_gmt":"2022-12-14T08:44:16","slug":"covid-19-the-effects-of-infection-on-the-nervous-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/covid-19-the-effects-of-infection-on-the-nervous-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Covid-19, the Effects of Infection on the Nervous System"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"section related-news\">\n  <div id=\"relatedposts-block_5ec650d30e176\" class=\"news-row w-row\">\n      <div class=\"w-col w-col-4 w-col-stack\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/this-is-how-acute-inflammation-becomes-chronic\/\" class=\"news-thumbnail w-inline-block\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/POST-29-03.10.2020.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"thumbnail-img\">\n        <div class=\"thumbnail-container\">\n          <div class=\"meta\">\n          News          <\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"heading-7\">This is how acute inflammation becomes chronic<\/h2>\n          <p>At least three mechanisms are known why acute inflammation can become chronic, accelerating aging. And there are foods that can lower inflammation, but be careful of so-called &#8220;anti-inflammatory diets&#8221; that are not based on science<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"thumbnail-readmore-box\">\n          <p class=\"read-more\">Leggi l&#x27;articolo<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n      <div class=\"w-col w-col-4 w-col-stack\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/foods-and-diet-to-stimulate-the-sirtuins\/\" class=\"news-thumbnail w-inline-block\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/A023-1_shutterstock_1594385533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"thumbnail-img\">\n        <div class=\"thumbnail-container\">\n          <div class=\"meta\">\n          News          <\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"heading-7\">Sirtuins: food, diets and \u201cSirt\u201d recipes<\/h2>\n          <p>Sirtuins are special proteins triggered to preserve the cell life under risky environmental conditions by pausing the cell&#8217;s most wasteful activities. This mechanism can be used to counteract aging. Can the choice of certain foods help?<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"thumbnail-readmore-box\">\n          <p class=\"read-more\">Leggi l&#x27;articolo<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n      <div class=\"w-col w-col-4 w-col-stack\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/long-covid-syndrome-2\/\" class=\"news-thumbnail w-inline-block\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/shutterstock_1946096182-scaled-e1631443247751.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"thumbnail-img\">\n        <div class=\"thumbnail-container\">\n          <div class=\"meta\">\n          News, Scientific study          <\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"heading-7\">Long Covid Syndrome?<\/h2>\n          <p>The one called Long Covid seems to be a real syndrome. Are there tests to measure its effects on the body? And what can we do to improve the symptoms? Today we publish the first of a series dedicated to the Long Covid in which we will deepen the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, and the perspectives of research.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"thumbnail-readmore-box\">\n          <p class=\"read-more\">Leggi l&#x27;articolo<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623c6419c27ba\">\n          <p><em>Il nuovo coronavirus ha mostrato di avere effetti neurologici e neuropsichiatrici anche a lungo termine. Si indaga sui meccanismi e sull\u2019ipotesi che l\u2019infiammazione predisponga allo sviluppo di malattie neurodegenerative, come Alzheimer e Parkinson<\/em><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Di cosa parla questo articolo<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Covid-19 ha ripercussioni sul sistema nervoso centrale e pu\u00f2 dare luogo a sintomi neurologici e neuropsichiatrici<\/li>\n<li>Anche la sindrome del Long Covid comprende manifestazioni neurologiche e neuropsichiatriche<\/li>\n<li>Infiammazione del sistema nervoso centrale, risposta immunitaria anomala e disfunzione vascolare potrebbero essere meccanismi coinvolti nelle manifestazioni neurologiche e neuropsichiatriche sia nella fase acuta di Covid-19 sia dopo la guarigione<\/li>\n<li>Alcuni ricercatori hanno avanzato l\u2019ipotesi che Covid-19 possa aumentare il rischio di sviluppare malattie neurodegenerative<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Articoli correlati all\u2019argomento<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/longevity-news\/neuro-covid-quando-la-mente-resta-offuscata\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Long Covid: i sintomi neurocognitivi a lungo termine<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/longevity-news\/sindrome-long-covid\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sindrome Long Covid?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/longevity-news\/covid-19-perche-i-malanni-stagionali-ne-possono-aggravare-gli-effetti\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ricerca sul Covid-19 di Solongevity Research pubblicata su Frontiers<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623c5db9c27b1\">\n          <p><b>Covid-19<\/b> non \u00e8 solo una malattia respiratoria: l\u2019intero organismo viene colpito dall\u2019infezione o ne subisce le conseguenze. <b>Cervello <\/b>e <b>sistema nervoso<\/b> compresi. <b>Mal di testa<\/b>, confusione, ma anche <b>ictus <\/b>e disturbi neuromuscolari sono manifestazioni non rare durante la<b> fase acuta<\/b> della malattia, e molti di questi sintomi sono tipici anche della <strong>sindrome<\/strong><b> Long Covid<\/b> e persistono per mesi anche dopo che il paziente \u00e8 dichiarato guarito. Quali siano i <b>meccanismi <\/b>alla base \u00e8 ancora oggetto di studio, ma sembra che l\u2019<b>infiammazione<\/b> e l\u2019<b>alterazione di processi immunitari <\/b>possano giocare un ruolo importante. E si teme che, come anche in altre infezioni, possano predisporre allo sviluppo di <b>malattie neurodegenerative<\/b> quali <b>Alzheimer <\/b>e <b>Parkinson<\/b>.  A fare il punto sulle conoscenze acquisite finora \u00e8 una <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abm2052?adobe_mc=MCMID=27835769851716292953647857829507556555%7CMCORGID=242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%40AdobeOrg%7CTS=1642689844&amp;_ga=2.88437275.1832164030.1642670973-1070363977.1641586637\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Perspective<\/i> pubblicata su <i>Science<\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623c5e4dc27b2\">\n        <h3 class=\"article-title\">Disfunzione immunitaria e neuroinfiammazione<\/h3>\n          <p>Per quanto \u00e8 stato possibile capire fino a questo momento, durante la <b>fase acuta<\/b> di Covid-19 c\u2019\u00e8 un coinvolgimento specifico del tessuto cerebrovascolare e neurale, ma i sintomi non sembrano dipendere dall\u2019infezione diretta del coronavirus (sebbene non si possa escludere un&#8217;invasione transitoria molto precoce che non \u00e8 stato possibile identificare con i test svolti nei vari studi) quanto piuttosto dalla <b>disfunzione immunitaria<\/b> e dall<b>\u2019infiammazione aspecifica<\/b> all\u2019interno del sistema nervoso centrale.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"custom_quote-block_623c5e70c27b3\" class=\"quote\">\n  <p class=\"quote\"><em><b><i>Covid-19 non \u00e8 solo una malattia respiratoria: l\u2019intero organismo viene colpito dall\u2019infezione o ne subisce le conseguenze, compresi il cervello e il sistema nervoso<\/i><\/b><\/em>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623c5e87c27b4\">\n          <p>La variet\u00e0 delle manifestazioni neurologiche e il fatto che insorgano in <b>momenti diversi<\/b> della malattia acuta e della convalescenza porta a credere che i <b>meccanismi patologici<\/b> alla base siano <b>diversi<\/b>. Per esempio, nei pazienti Covid ospedalizzati sono state identificate come condizioni neurologiche pi\u00f9 comuni anosmia, <b>ictus<\/b>, delirio, <b>infiammazione cerebrale<\/b>, encefalopatia, <b>sindromi psichiatriche<\/b> primarie e sindromi dei nervi periferici. Ma se le complicanze cerebrovascolari possono insorgere prima o in contemporanea coi sintomi respiratori, le condizioni infiammatorie si manifestano in media due settimane dopo, suggerendo che siano frutto di processi peri- o post-infettivi. L\u2019<b>attivazione immunitaria<\/b> e l\u2019<b>infiammazione<\/b> all\u2019interno del sistema nervoso centrale, comunque, sembrano essere i <b><i>driver<\/i><\/b> principali delle manifestazioni neurologiche durante la fase acuta dell\u2019infezione Covid-19: i test sia autoptici sia su pazienti rivelano infatti <b>risposte neuroimmuni aberranti<\/b> (per esempio l\u2019attivazione delle cellule T e Natural Killer, infiltrazione di macrofagi, l\u2019attivazione della microglia oppure l\u2019aumento dei livelli di citochine come le interleuchine 1 e 12) che contribuiscono al danno neurale.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7758\" src=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/shutterstock_1775132690.jpg\" alt=\"long covid\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" \/> Manifestazioni neurologiche nel Long Covid sono le sindromi dei nervi periferici, con sintomi che variano in base al tipo di nervo coinvolto: da formicolio e intorpidimento a dolore bruciante agli arti, perdita dell\u2019equilibrio, spasmi, crampi e debolezza muscolare, disturbi del sistema nervoso autonomo<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623d9ea092112\">\n        <h3 class=\"article-title\">Disfunzione vascolare<\/h3>\n          <p>Per quanto riguarda gli <b>eventi cerebrovascolari <\/b>nella fase acuta della malattia, \u00e8 possibile che siano legati a una <b>disfunzione vascolare<\/b> diffusa. Nei pazienti Covid con <b>ictus<\/b>, infatti, sono stati riscontrati livelli aumentati di marcatori ematici dell\u2019infiammazione, trombi e infarti di altri tessuti. Tali evidenze supportano l\u2019idea che l&#8217;<b>infiammazione endoteliale<\/b> possa giocare un ruolo nell\u2019insorgenza della <b>coagulopatia <\/b>e degli eventi cerebrovascolari. \u00c8 stato inoltre ipotizzato che una disfunzione vascolare generalizzata sub-clinica, con formazione di <b>coaguli <\/b>di sangue microscopici nel cervello per esempio, possa <b>danneggiare le strutture nervose<\/b> a livello non percepibile dagli esami, ma sufficiente ad <b>alterare le funzioni neurologiche e cognitive<\/b>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"custom_quote-block_623c5e9dc27b5\" class=\"quote\">\n  <p class=\"quote\"><em><b><i>Le cause delle manifestazioni neurologiche e neuropsichiatriche durante Covid e Long Covid non sono ben comprese, ma infiammazione, anomala attivazione immunitaria e disfunzione vascolare sembrano giocare un ruolo<\/i><\/b><\/em>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623d9f1392113\">\n        <h3 class=\"article-title\">Long Covid<\/h3>\n          <p>A due anni dall\u2019inizio della pandemia, si stima che<b> pi\u00f9 di un terzo<\/b> delle persone che si sono ammalate di Covid-19 sviluppi la cosiddetta sindrome <b>Long Covid<\/b>, una condizione caratterizzata da diversi tipi di manifestazioni, da quelle <b>respiratorie <\/b>(tosse e mancanza di respiro, per esempio) fino a quelle <b>neurologiche <\/b>(mal di testa, nebbia mentale, difficolt\u00e0 di memoria e concentrazione) e <b>psichiatriche <\/b>(disturbi dell\u2019umore, ansia, depressione). Il rischio di sviluppare sintomi neurologici e psichiatrici, inoltre, non sembra correlato alla gravit\u00e0 dell\u2019infezione acuta. Secondo diversi esperti, i sintomi neuropsichiatrici riferiti dai pazienti affetti da Long Covid sono simili a quelli dell<b>\u2019encefalite mialgica<\/b> o <b>sindrome da stanchezza cronica<\/b>, una condizione che pu\u00f2 presentarsi dopo un\u2019infezione da parte di diversi agenti patogeni e per la quale <b>non esiste un trattamento<\/b> efficace.<\/p>\n<p>Le <b>cause <\/b>che portano a manifestare questi sintomi anche per lungo tempo dopo la \u201cguarigione\u201d da Covid-19 <b>non sono note<\/b>. L\u2019ipotesi \u00e8 che permangano condizioni che si sono evolute durante la fase acuta dell\u2019infezione, che quindi nel sistema nervoso resti un\u2019<b>alterata attivazione immunitaria<\/b> o addirittura un <b>disturbo autoimmune<\/b>, la<b> disfunzione vascolare<\/b> e <b>lesioni residue<\/b> verificatesi durante la fase acuta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"custom_quote-block_623c5f89c27b8\" class=\"quote\">\n  <p class=\"quote\"><em><b><i>Pi\u00f9 di un terzo delle persone che hanno avuto Covid-19 sviluppa Long Covid: il rischio di sintomi neurologici e neuropsichiatrici non sembra connesso alla gravit\u00e0 dell\u2019infezione acuta<\/i><\/b><\/em>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623c5f98c27b9\">\n          <p>Anche se alcuni studi hanno evidenziato aree focali di <strong>atrofia cerebrale<\/strong> e una <strong>attivit\u00e0 metabolica ridotta<\/strong> del cervello nei pazienti che hanno avuto Covid-19, non sono ancora stati trovati dei marcatori che possano predire il rischio di sviluppare la sindrome Long Covid e in particolare le sue manifestazioni neurologiche e psichiatriche. Ci\u00f2, secondo gli esperti, costituisce <strong>una vera e propria sfida per la salute pubblica nel prossimo futuro<\/strong>, con probabilmente milioni di persone in tutto il mondo che avranno bisogno di assistenza e percorsi riabilitativi per il recupero funzionale.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7761\" src=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/shutterstock_1730682103.jpg\" alt=\"covid\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" \/> L\u2019infezione da coronavirus pu\u00f2 lasciare strascichi a lungo termine, come mal di testa, nebbia mentale, difficolt\u00e0 di memoria e concentrazione. Al momento non c\u2019\u00e8 modo di prevedere chi \u00e8 pi\u00f9 a rischio di Long Covid, n\u00e9 quindi di indirizzare i pazienti a percorsi riabilitativi tempestivi<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"title_text-block_623d9f6992114\">\n        <h3 class=\"article-title\">Rischio di malattie neurodegenerative?<\/h3>\n          <p>La reale portata delle complicanze neuropsichiatriche di Covid-19 non \u00e8 nota. Alla luce di evidenze sull&#8217;instaurarsi della neuroinfiammazione e del danno neuronale, alcuni ricercatori hanno avanzato l\u2019<b>ipotesi <\/b>che l\u2019infezione da <b>Sars-CoV-2<\/b> possa essere un fattore di <b>rischio <\/b>per lo sviluppo di <b>malattie neurodegenerative<\/b> come <b>Alzheimer <\/b>e <b>Parkinson<\/b>. Non ci sono informazioni o dati concreti in proposito: solo il tempo potr\u00e0 dare delle risposte.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\r\n\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The new coronavirus has been shown to have neurological and neuropsychiatric effects even in the long term. These mechanisms and the hypothesis that inflammation predisposes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s, are being investigated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":172,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[158,60],"tags":[160,163,164],"class_list":["post-18438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","category-old-posts","tag-active-ageing","tag-cognitive-ageing","tag-covid-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Covid-19, the Effects of Infection on the Nervous System - SoLongevity<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/covid-19-the-effects-of-infection-on-the-nervous-system\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Covid-19, the Effects of Infection on the Nervous System - SoLongevity\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The new coronavirus has been shown to have neurological and neuropsychiatric effects even in the long term. 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