{"id":22611,"date":"2023-02-17T14:38:02","date_gmt":"2023-02-17T14:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/longevity-news\/sirtuins-a-possible-shield-against-parkinsons-and-alzheimers-disease\/"},"modified":"2023-08-19T17:51:23","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T17:51:23","slug":"sirtuins-a-possible-shield-against-parkinsons-and-alzheimers-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/sirtuins-a-possible-shield-against-parkinsons-and-alzheimers-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Sirtuins, a possible &#8220;shield&#8221; against Parkinson&#8217;s and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>A new path for Parkinson&#8217;s and Alzheimer&#8217;s prevention?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Sirtuins<\/strong>, the so-called &#8220;<strong>longevity proteins<\/strong>,&#8221; could represent a new pathway against age-related neurodegeneration and play an important role in preventing diseases such as <strong>Parkinson&#8217;s<\/strong> and <strong>Alzheimer&#8217;s<\/strong>. Science is paying a lot of attention to the issue, as shown by a literature review conducted by two Italian researchers -David Della Morte Canosci, professor of internal medicine at Tor Vergata University and of neurology in Miami, and Francesca Pacifici, professor of nutrition science at San Raffaele University in Rome- recently published in <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/nrronline\/Fulltext\/2023\/06000\/Nature_can_still_be_the_strongest_help_against.20.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Neural Regeneration Research<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>What are sirtuins and SIRT genes?<\/h3>\n<p>The seven <strong>SIRT genes<\/strong> which encode sirtuins in mammals (including humans) are among the most highly conserved genes throughout evolution, indicative of their role in regulating functions critical to the survival of cells and organisms, such as cellular respiration and metabolism, programmed cell death (apoptosis) and inflammation. <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/cellfasting-stimulating-sirtuins-with-a-nutraceutical\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As we have often explained on our website<\/a>, SIRT genes also underlie the mechanisms that regulate the processes underlying<strong>aging<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Chemically, sirtuins are <strong>NAD+<\/strong> dependent histone deacetylase enzymes. The most studied is <strong>sirtuin 1<\/strong>, whose expression can be regulated (among other ways) by<strong>caloric restriction<\/strong> and<strong>physical activity<\/strong>, and has a known anti-aging effect. Simplifying greatly: <strong>SIRT1<\/strong> acts by reducing the<a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/what-inflammation-really-is-and-why-it-promotes-cancers-and-other-diseases\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>low-grade inflammation<\/strong><\/a> and balancing <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>oxidative stress<\/strong><\/a>; <strong>SIRT2<\/strong> controls the cell cycle; <strong>SIRT3<\/strong>, <strong>SIRT4<\/strong> and <strong>SIRT5<\/strong> are implicated in the metabolic pathways of the <strong>mitochondria<\/strong> (the energy powerhouses of cells); <strong>SIRT6<\/strong> aids in the regulation of genomic stability and DNA repair mechanisms; <strong>SIRT7<\/strong> is the only one located in the nucleus of cells and is involved in the process of DNA transcription.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>SIRT genes underlie the mechanisms that regulate the processes that cause aging<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>Sirtuins and neurodegeneration<\/h3>\n<p>As the review by the two Italian researchers also reports, it was observed that the <strong>mitochondrial sirtuins<\/strong> may have neuroprotective effects against <strong>Parkinson&#8217;s Disease<\/strong> by regulating, among other things, neuroinflammation and autophagy, the system by which cells &#8220;recycle&#8221; their unused components and potentially harmful waste (the discovery of the mechanism of autophagy earned the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/2016\/ohsumi\/facts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for <strong>Yoshinori Ohsumi<\/strong> in 2016<\/a>). SIRT1 also comes into play, because it has been observed that it can reduce the abnormal aggregation of <strong>alpha-synuclein<\/strong>, a protein implicated in the disease, which interferes with the communication between neurons and causes their degeneration. SIRT6 also showed a possible preventive role especially against<strong>Alzheimer&#8217;s<\/strong> disease.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_22241\" style=\"width: 2570px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22241\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22241\" src=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_1531466513_compressa.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_1531466513_compressa.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_1531466513_compressa-1280x721.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_1531466513_compressa-980x552.jpg 980w, https:\/\/solongevity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/shutterstock_1531466513_compressa-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 2560px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-22241\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sirtuins could play an important role in preventing diseases such as Parkinson&#8217;s and Alzheimer&#8217;s<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>What are the micronutrients that activate sirtuins?<\/h3>\n<p>Several <strong>nutraceutical<\/strong> and pharmaceutical products are currently being studied to activate sirtuins. The one investigated by the two review authors -Della Morte Canosci and Pacifici- is based on the effect of <strong>resveratrol<\/strong>, one of the most powerful natural activators of SIRT1. This molecule is found in numerous foods, but it has low <strong>bioavailability<\/strong>; therefore other natural molecules, precursors of resveratrol, such as <strong>polydatin<\/strong> and <strong>pterostilbene<\/strong>, are used. The two scientists have developed a new patented formulation based on polydatin, pterostilbene, <strong>honokiol<\/strong> (a polyphenol obtained from plants in the genus Magnolia) and <strong>ellagic acid<\/strong> (an antioxidant also of plant origin) along with zinc, selenium, and chromium, which they are testing in models <em>in vitro<\/em> on Parkinson&#8217;s disease cells.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Several nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products are being studied to activate sirtuins<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>SoLongevity Nutraceuticals.<\/h3>\n<p>SoLongevity research has also developed nutraceuticals based on the <strong>high-bioavailability precursors<\/strong> of important pro-longevity molecules, such as <strong>polydatin<\/strong> and<strong>N-acetylcysteine (NAC) <\/strong> (a precursor of <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/longevity-news\/glutathione-a-valuable-ally-against-oxidative-stress\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>glutathione<\/strong><\/a>), whose formulation is designed to stimulate sirtuins and balance oxidative stress. Patented formulations include <strong>GluRes<\/strong> and <strong>GluReNAD<\/strong>: the latter is also a <strong>NAD+ booster<\/strong> that can stimulate endogenous NAD+ production and <strong>mimic calorie restriction<\/strong>. To learn more, you can visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/solongevity.com\/en\/nutraceuticals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nutraceutical section of the SoLongevity website<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Longevity proteins&#8221; are now the focus of numerous studies that are investigating their possible preventive role against neurodegenerative diseases<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":22240,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[163,168,170,172],"class_list":["post-22611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","tag-cognitive-ageing","tag-nutraceutics","tag-prevention","tag-sirtuins"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sirtuins, a possible shield against Parkinson and Alzheimer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"&quot;Longevity proteins&quot; 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